Zyban: Clinically Proven Aid for Smoking Cessation
| Product dosage: 150mg | |||
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Zyban (bupropion hydrochloride) is a prescription medication specifically developed to support smoking cessation in adults. As a non-nicotine pharmacotherapy, it functions as an atypical antidepressant and norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI), targeting neurochemical pathways associated with nicotine addiction and withdrawal. By reducing the urge to smoke and alleviating withdrawal symptoms, Zyban offers a structured, evidence-based approach to quitting. It is intended for use as part of a comprehensive cessation program that includes behavioral support and counseling.
Features
- Active ingredient: Bupropion hydrochloride
- Available in extended-release tablets (150 mg)
- Non-nicotine formulation
- Prescription-only medication
- FDA-approved for smoking cessation
- Compatible with gradual smoking reduction
Benefits
- Reduces nicotine cravings and withdrawal symptoms
- Increases long-term abstinence rates compared to placebo
- Does not contain nicotine, avoiding replacement therapy drawbacks
- May help prevent weight gain associated with smoking cessation
- Supports neurochemical rebalance during withdrawal
- Can be used while still smoking initially during the titration phase
Common use
Zyban is indicated as an aid to smoking cessation treatment in adults. Treatment should be initiated while the patient is still smoking, with a target quit date set during the second week of treatment. The medication is typically used for 7–12 weeks as part of a comprehensive cessation program that includes behavioral support and educational materials. Clinical studies demonstrate that Zyban approximately doubles the chances of long-term smoking abstinence compared to placebo when used as directed.
Dosage and direction
Initiate treatment with 150 mg once daily for the first 3 days, then increase to 150 mg twice daily. Doses should be taken at least 8 hours apart to minimize the risk of insomnia. Tablets should be swallowed whole and not crushed, divided, or chewed. The recommended treatment duration is 7–12 weeks, though some patients may benefit from longer treatment under medical supervision. If abstinence has not been achieved by week 7, discontinue treatment as success is unlikely.
Precautions
Patients should be monitored for neuropsychiatric symptoms including agitation, hostility, depression, and suicidal thoughts. Use with caution in patients with hepatic or renal impairment, requiring dosage adjustment. May lower seizure threshold; avoid in patients with history of seizure disorder or eating disorders. Use caution when operating machinery until response to treatment is known. Not recommended for patients undergoing abrupt discontinuation of alcohol or sedatives.
Contraindications
Contraindicated in patients with seizure disorder or history of seizures. Should not be used in patients with current or prior diagnosis of bulimia or anorexia nervosa. Contraindicated in patients undergoing abrupt discontinuation of alcohol or sedatives. Not for use in patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or who have taken MAOIs within the preceding 14 days. Hypersensitivity to bupropion or any component of the formulation.
Possible side effects
Common side effects include dry mouth, insomnia, headache, nausea, and dizziness. Less frequently, patients may experience tremor, rash, sweating, tinnitus, agitation, anxiety, and taste disturbance. Serious side effects may include seizures (approximately 0.1% incidence at 300 mg/day), hypertension, allergic reactions, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Angle-closure glaucoma has been reported with bupropion use.
Drug interaction
MAO inhibitors: Contraindicated due to increased risk of hypertensive crisis. Medications that lower seizure threshold: May potentiate risk (antipsychotics, antidepressants, theophylline, systemic corticosteroids). CYP2B6 inhibitors: May increase bupropion levels (e.g., ticlopidine, clopidogrel). Drugs metabolized by CYP2D6: Bupropion may increase levels of certain antidepressants, antipsychotics, beta-blockers, and type 1C antiarrhythmics. Nicotine replacement therapy: May increase risk of hypertension.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, skip the missed dose and continue with the next scheduled dose. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. Taking extra medication may increase the risk of seizures. If multiple doses are missed, consult healthcare provider before resuming treatment, as dosage adjustment may be necessary.
Overdose
Overdose may cause seizures, hallucinations, loss of consciousness, sinus tachycardia, and ECG changes. Fatal outcomes have been reported with bupropion overdoses, particularly with multiple drug ingestion. Management includes supportive care with attention to maintaining airway and ECG monitoring. Activated charcoal may be considered if presented early. Seizures should be treated with benzodiazepines; other anticonvulsants may be less effective.
Storage
Store at room temperature (20-25°C or 68-77°F) in a dry place. Keep in original container with lid tightly closed. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use after expiration date printed on packaging. Properly dispose of unused medication through take-back programs or according to FDA guidelines.
Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Zyban is a prescription medication that should be used only under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional. Individual results may vary. Patients should consult their healthcare provider for personalized medical advice, including assessment of benefits versus risks based on individual medical history and current health status.
Reviews
Clinical trials demonstrate that Zyban approximately doubles quit rates compared to placebo, with abstinence rates of 30-35% at end of treatment and 20-23% at one year follow-up. Patients report reduced craving intensity and withdrawal symptoms, particularly for irritability, anxiety, and difficulty concentrating. Some users note improved success when combined with behavioral support. Healthcare providers appreciate the non-nicotine mechanism of action and established safety profile when used appropriately in selected patients.