Innopran XL: Advanced Beta-Blocker Therapy for Hypertension Control
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Innopran XL (propranolol hydrochloride) is an extended-release prescription medication formulated for the sustained management of hypertension and certain cardiovascular conditions. As a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent, it operates by reducing heart rate, cardiac output, and sympathetic nervous system activity, offering 24-hour blood pressure control with a single daily dose. Its specialized extended-release delivery system ensures consistent plasma concentrations, minimizing peak-trough fluctuations and enhancing tolerability. Clinically validated for efficacy and safety, Innopran XL represents a cornerstone in long-term antihypertensive regimens, particularly for patients requiring smooth, around-the-clock beta-blockade.
Features
- Active ingredient: Propranolol hydrochloride
- Dosage forms: Extended-release capsules (80 mg, 120 mg, 160 mg)
- Pharmacologic class: Nonselective beta-blocker
- Mechanism: Competitively blocks beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors
- Release technology: Designed for gradual API diffusion over 24 hours
- FDA-approved indications: Hypertension, angina prophylaxis, migraine prophylaxis
- Administration: Oral, once daily
- Bioavailability: Extensive first-pass metabolism; administration with food increases bioavailability
Benefits
- Provides consistent 24-hour blood pressure reduction with a single daily dose, supporting adherence
- Reduces myocardial oxygen demand, beneficial for patients with comorbid angina
- Lowers risk of cardiovascular events through sustained antihypertensive and anti-ischemic effects
- Extended-release profile minimizes adverse effects associated with immediate-release formulations
- Demonstrated efficacy in migraine prophylaxis through inhibition of cerebral arterial vasodilation
- May alleviate symptoms of situational anxiety and essential tremor through peripheral beta-blockade
Common use
Innopran XL is primarily indicated for the management of hypertension, either as monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive agents. It is also prescribed for the prophylaxis of angina pectoris, where its negative chronotropic and inotropic effects reduce myocardial oxygen demand. Additionally, it is used off-label for the prevention of migraine headaches, management of essential tremor, and adjunct treatment in hyperthyroidism to control sympathetic symptoms. Its extended-release formulation makes it particularly suitable for chronic conditions requiring stable plasma drug levels.
Dosage and direction
The recommended starting dose for hypertension is 80 mg once daily, preferably taken in the morning. Dosage may be increased gradually at 3–7 day intervals to a maximum of 160 mg daily based on therapeutic response and tolerability. For angina prophylaxis, initial dosing is 80 mg once daily, with titration up to 320 mg once daily if needed. Administer with or immediately following a meal to enhance bioavailability and ensure consistent absorption. Capsules should be swallowed whole; do not crush, chew, or divide. Regular blood pressure and heart rate monitoring are advised during dose adjustment.
Precautions
Abrupt discontinuation may precipitate rebound hypertension, angina exacerbation, or myocardial infarction; taper dose gradually over 1–2 weeks. Use with caution in patients with compensated heart failure, bronchospastic diseases, diabetes mellitus, or hepatic impairment. May mask signs of hypoglycemia (e.g., tachycardia) in diabetic patients. Can cause fatigue, dizziness, or bradycardia; advise against operating machinery until response is known. Periodic monitoring of renal and hepatic function is recommended during long-term therapy. Not recommended during pregnancy unless potential benefit justifies potential risk.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to propranolol or any component of the formulation; bronchial asthma or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; sinus bradycardia; second- or third-degree AV block (in absence of pacemaker); cardiogenic shock; uncompensated cardiac failure; severe peripheral arterial circulatory disorders; metabolic acidosis; concomitant use with floctafenine or sultopride.
Possible side effects
Common (≥1%): fatigue, bradycardia, dizziness, nausea, diarrhea, cold extremities.
Less common: insomnia, depression, vivid dreams, dyspnea, wheezing, erectile dysfunction.
Rare but serious: heart failure exacerbation, bronchospasm, severe hypotension, hypoglycemia, hepatotoxicity, Raynaud’s phenomenon.
Most adverse reactions are dose-dependent and often diminish with continued therapy or dose reduction.
Drug interaction
Potentiates hypotensive effects with other antihypertensives, nitrates, and diuretics. Concomitant use with calcium channel blockers (e.g., verapamil, diltiazem) may result in additive bradycardia or AV block. May antagonize effects of beta-agonists (e.g., albuterol). CYP2D6 inhibitors (e.g., fluoxetine, quinidine) can increase propranolol concentrations. May alter insulin or oral hypoglycemic requirements. Concurrent use with clonidine may exacerbate rebound hypertension upon withdrawal. Avoid with MAO inhibitors due to risk of severe hypertension.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered the same day. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. Consistent daily administration is important for maintaining therapeutic blood levels.
Overdose
Symptoms may include severe bradycardia, hypotension, heart failure, bronchospasm, hypoglycemia, and seizures. Management includes gastric lavage if ingestion recent, activated charcoal, and supportive care. Administer atropine for bradycardia; glucagon or IV glucose for hypoglycemia; vasopressors (e.g., norepinephrine) for hypotension; and bronchodilators for bronchospasm. Hemodialysis is not effective due to high protein binding.
Storage
Store at 20–25°C (68–77°F); excursions permitted to 15–30°C (59–86°F). Protect from moisture and light. Keep in original container tightly closed. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Discard unused medication after expiration date.
Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a healthcare provider for diagnosis, treatment decisions, and personalized medical guidance. Do not initiate, adjust, or discontinue medication without physician supervision.
Reviews
Clinical studies and post-marketing surveillance demonstrate consistent efficacy in hypertension control with once-daily dosing. Patients report improved adherence compared to multiple-daily regimens. Some note initial fatigue or dizziness, which often resolves with continued use. Healthcare providers appreciate its predictable pharmacokinetics and utility in complex cardiovascular cases. Individual responses may vary; discuss benefits and risks with your prescriber.