Bupropion SR (sustained-release) is a prescription antidepressant medication belonging to the class of norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs). It is specifically formulated to help manage symptoms of major depressive disorder in adults by restoring the balance of certain natural chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain. Unlike many other antidepressants, bupropion SR is not associated with weight gain or sexual dysfunction, making it a favorable option for long-term treatment. Its sustained-release mechanism allows for twice-daily dosing, promoting stable plasma concentrations and consistent therapeutic effect. Always use under the supervision of a healthcare provider.

Features

• Active ingredient: Bupropion hydrochloride
• Dosage form: Sustained-release (SR) oral tablets
• Available strengths: 100 mg, 150 mg, 200 mg
• Mechanism of action: Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI)
• Administration: Oral, with or without food
• Manufacturer: Various FDA-approved generic and brand versions

Benefits

• Effectively reduces symptoms of depression, including low mood, loss of interest, and fatigue
• Lower risk of sexual side effects compared to SSRIs and SNRIs
• Not typically associated with weight gain; some patients may experience weight loss
• May improve focus, energy, and motivation in certain individuals
• Sustained-release formulation supports consistent drug levels and simpler dosing
• Non-habit forming when used as prescribed for depression

Common use

Bupropion SR is primarily indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults. It is also used off-label for seasonal affective disorder (SAD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and as an aid to smoking cessation (under the brand name Zyban®). It works by increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, neurotransmitters that play key roles in mood regulation, motivation, and pleasure.

Dosage and direction

The recommended starting dose for bupropion SR is 150 mg once daily in the morning. After at least 3 days, the dose may be increased to 150 mg twice daily, with at least 8 hours between doses. The maximum recommended dose is 400 mg per day, given as 200 mg twice daily. Tablets should be swallowed whole and not crushed, chewed, or divided. Dosage adjustments may be necessary for patients with hepatic or renal impairment. Always follow the specific dosing instructions provided by your healthcare provider.

Precautions

• Inform your doctor of any history of seizures, head injury, or eating disorders
• Disclose any current or past diagnosis of bipolar disorder, as antidepressants can induce manic episodes
• Use with caution in patients with hepatic or renal impairment; dosage adjustment may be required
• Avoid alcohol consumption, as it may increase the risk of seizures
• May cause dizziness or lightheadedness; use caution when driving or operating machinery
• Not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding unless clearly needed and under medical supervision
• Regular monitoring of blood pressure is advised, as bupropion may increase blood pressure in some patients

Contraindications

Bupropion SR is contraindicated in patients with:

• A history of seizures or epilepsy
• Current or prior diagnosis of bulimia or anorexia nervosa
• Use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) within the last 14 days
• Known hypersensitivity to bupropion or any component of the formulation
• Patients undergoing abrupt discontinuation of alcohol or sedatives

Possible side effects

Common side effects may include:

• Dry mouth
• Nausea
• Headache
• Insomnia
• Dizziness
• Constipation
• Sweating
• Tremor

Less common but serious side effects require immediate medical attention:

• Seizures
• Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness)
• Increased blood pressure
• Hallucinations or confusion
• Fast or irregular heartbeat
• Severe skin reactions
• Unusual changes in mood or behavior (e.g., agitation, aggression)

Drug interaction

Bupropion SR may interact with:

• MAO inhibitors (risk of hypertensive crisis)
• Other antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs, TCAs)
• Antipsychotics
• Beta-blockers
• Antiarrhythmics (e.g., flecainide, propafenone)
• Corticosteroids
• Theophylline
• Drugs that lower seizure threshold (e.g., tramadol, antipsychotics)
• CYP2B6 inhibitors (e.g., ticlopidine, clopidogrel) may increase bupropion levels

Missed dose

If you miss a dose of bupropion SR, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. Taking too much bupropion at once can increase the risk of seizures.

Overdose

Overdose of bupropion SR can be serious and may include symptoms such as seizures, hallucinations, loss of consciousness, fast heart rate, and cardiac arrest. In case of suspected overdose, seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center. Treatment is supportive and may include activated charcoal, anticonvulsants, and ECG monitoring.

Storage

Store bupropion SR tablets at room temperature (68°F–77°F or 20°C–25°C), in a tightly closed container, away from light, moisture, and heat. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use after the expiration date printed on the packaging.

Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or medication. Do not disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here.

Reviews

Clinical studies and patient reports indicate that bupropion SR is effective in alleviating depressive symptoms with a favorable side effect profile for many individuals. Patients often note improvements in energy, motivation, and overall mood without the weight gain or sexual dysfunction associated with other antidepressants. However, experiences may vary, and some users report initial side effects such as insomnia or anxiety, which often subside with continued use. Always discuss your treatment experience with your healthcare provider to ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes.