Keftab, the branded formulation of cephalexin, is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic designed to combat a wide spectrum of bacterial infections. It operates by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to the eradication of susceptible pathogens. Trusted by healthcare professionals for decades, Keftab offers a reliable option for treating common to moderate bacterial conditions, providing patients with a well-tolerated and efficacious therapeutic choice. Its pharmacokinetic profile ensures adequate tissue penetration, making it suitable for various infection sites.

Features

• Active ingredient: Cephalexin (as monohydrate)
• Drug class: First-generation cephalosporin antibiotic
• Available in 250 mg and 500 mg oral tablets
• Prescription-only medication
• Demonstrated efficacy against Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria
• Rapid absorption with peak serum concentrations within 1 hour
• Half-life of approximately 0.5–1.2 hours in adults with normal renal function

Benefits

• Effectively eliminates susceptible bacterial pathogens, resolving infection symptoms
• Rapid onset of action helps reduce discomfort and prevent complication progression
• High oral bioavailability ensures consistent therapeutic drug levels
• Generally well-tolerated profile with a low incidence of severe adverse effects
• Convenient dosing regimen supports patient adherence to treatment
• Proven clinical success in treating skin, respiratory, urinary tract, and bone infections

Common use

Keftab (cephalexin) is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms. Common uses include respiratory tract infections such as pharyngitis and bronchitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. It is also effective for skin and skin structure infections, including cellulitis and impetigo, often resulting from Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. Urinary tract infections, including cystitis and pyelonephritis caused by Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, are frequently treated with Keftab. Additionally, it is used for bone infections caused by S. aureus and/or Proteus species. Off-label uses may include dental infections and prophylaxis in certain surgical procedures, though these should be guided by clinical judgment and susceptibility testing.

Dosage and direction

The dosage of Keftab must be individualized based on the infection’s severity, causative organism susceptibility, and the patient’s renal function. For adults, the usual dose is 250 mg every 6 hours, or 500 mg every 12 hours for more severe infections. For streptococcal pharyngitis, skin and skin structure infections, and uncomplicated cystitis, 500 mg every 12 hours may be sufficient. The maximum daily dose for adults is 4 grams. For pediatric patients, the recommended dosage is 25–50 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 6 or 12 hours; for more severe infections, 75–100 mg/kg/day may be administered, not to exceed 4 grams daily. In patients with impaired renal function (creatinine clearance <50 mL/min), dosage adjustments are necessary—consult prescribing information for specific guidance. Keftab may be taken with or without food; administration with food may minimize gastrointestinal upset. Complete the full prescribed course even if symptoms improve earlier to prevent resistance and recurrence.

Precautions

Before initiating Keftab, obtain a detailed patient history including allergies, especially to beta-lactam antibiotics. Use with caution in patients with a history of gastrointestinal disease, particularly colitis, as antibiotic use can predispose to Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. Renal function should be assessed in elderly patients or those with pre-existing renal impairment, as cephalexin is excreted renally. Monitor for superinfection or fungal overgrowth during prolonged therapy. In patients with diabetes, use cephalexin-containing products with caution as false-positive reactions for glucose in the urine may occur with Benedict’s or Fehling’s solutions. Keftab should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed and after weighing potential risks; it is excreted in breast milk, so caution is advised in nursing mothers.

Contraindications

Keftab is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to cephalexin or any component of the formulation. Cross-hypersensitivity among beta-lactam antibiotics may occur; it is contraindicated in patients who have had an immediate hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to penicillins or other cephalosporins. Do not use in patients with a history of cephalosporin-associated hemolytic anemia or severe cutaneous adverse reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Possible side effect

Common side effects include gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea (5–10%), nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and dyspepsia. Skin reactions like rash and urticaria may occur. Less frequently, patients may experience dizziness, fatigue, headache, or genital pruritus. Transient elevations in hepatic enzymes or eosinophilia have been reported. Serious but rare side effects include pseudomembranous colitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, erythema multiforme, serum sickness-like reactions, and reversible interstitial nephritis. Hematologic effects such as neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, or hemolytic anemia are uncommon. Immediately discontinue use and seek medical attention if severe dermatologic reactions, signs of anaphylaxis (e.g., difficulty breathing, swelling), or bloody diarrhea occur.

Drug interaction

Probenecid may decrease the renal tubular secretion of cephalexin, resulting in increased and prolonged blood levels. Concomitant use with potent diuretics (e.g., furosemide) may enhance the potential for nephrotoxicity. Use with caution alongside other nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides, polymyxins). Cephalexin may reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives; advise patients to use alternative non-hormonal contraception during therapy. False-positive urinary glucose tests may occur with certain reagents. No clinically significant interaction with warfarin has been consistently demonstrated, but monitoring is prudent. Always review the patient’s full medication list before prescribing.

Missed dose

If a dose of Keftab is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered. However, if it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume the usual dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this may increase the risk of adverse effects. Maintaining consistent dosing intervals is important to ensure steady antibiotic levels for optimal efficacy.

Overdose

Symptoms of Keftab overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, diarrhea, and hematuria. In cases of significant overdose, particularly in patients with renal impairment, seizures may occur. Management is supportive and symptomatic. Gastric lavage may be considered if ingestion was recent. Hemodialysis may aid in removing cephalexin from the bloodstream, especially in anuric patients. Monitor renal function and provide electrolyte replacement if necessary. Contact a poison control center for latest guidance.

Storage

Store Keftab tablets at controlled room temperature, 20°–25°C (68°–77°F), with excursions permitted between 15°–30°C (59°–86°F). Keep in the original container, tightly closed, and protect from light, moisture, and excessive heat. Do not store in the bathroom or near sinks. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use beyond the expiration date printed on the packaging.

Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes and does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, changing, or stopping any medication. The content provided is based on current scientific evidence but may not cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, or interactions. Individual patient responses may vary. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you have read here.

Reviews

Clinical studies and post-marketing surveillance indicate high patient satisfaction with Keftab, noting its effectiveness in resolving bacterial infections such as cellulitis and strep throat. Many users report symptom improvement within 48 hours. Common feedback includes appreciation for its minimal side effect profile compared to other antibiotics. Healthcare professionals value its reliability and spectrum of coverage for common outpatient infections. Some reviews mention gastrointestinal discomfort, which is often manageable with food co-administration. Overall, Keftab maintains a positive reputation in both clinical and patient communities for its balance of efficacy and tolerability.