Cefaclor is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic indicated for the treatment of a wide range of bacterial infections. It exerts its bactericidal effect by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to the eradication of susceptible microorganisms. This oral formulation offers a convenient option for outpatient management of common community-acquired infections, providing reliable coverage against numerous gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. Healthcare providers frequently prescribe cefaclor for its established efficacy profile and generally favorable tolerability.

Features

• Second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic
• Oral capsule and powder for oral suspension formulations
• Bactericidal activity through cell wall synthesis inhibition
• Broad-spectrum coverage including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
• Acid-stable formulation for reliable oral absorption
• Multiple strength options for precise dosing

Benefits

• Effectively treats common respiratory tract infections including bronchitis and pneumonia
• Provides reliable coverage for skin and soft tissue infections
• Addresses urinary tract infections caused by susceptible organisms
• Offers convenient oral administration for outpatient treatment
• Demonstrates generally favorable safety and tolerability profile
• Enables completion of therapy without hospitalization in appropriate cases

Common use

Cefaclor is commonly prescribed for the treatment of various bacterial infections including acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, skin and soft tissue infections, and urinary tract infections. It is particularly useful for infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus (including penicillinase-producing strains), Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis. The medication is appropriate for both adult and pediatric populations, with dosage adjustments based on weight and renal function.

Dosage and direction

The recommended adult dosage for most infections is 250 mg every 8 hours. For more severe infections or those caused by less susceptible organisms, doses of 500 mg every 8 hours may be required. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 4 grams. Pediatric dosing is typically 20 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 8 hours, with severe infections potentially requiring 40 mg/kg/day, not to exceed 1 gram daily. Dosage adjustment is necessary in patients with renal impairment. The medication should be taken with food to enhance absorption and minimize gastrointestinal discomfort. Complete the full course of therapy even if symptoms improve before completion.

Precautions

Patients should be advised that cefaclor may cause false-positive reactions for glucose in the urine using copper reduction tests. Use with caution in patients with history of gastrointestinal disease, particularly colitis. Prolonged use may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms. Monitor renal function periodically during prolonged therapy. Patients should report any signs of superinfection such as black hairy tongue, oral thrush, or vaginal discharge. Those with phenylketonuria should be aware that the oral suspension contains phenylalanine.

Contraindications

Cefaclor is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics or any component of the formulation. Cross-sensitivity may occur in patients allergic to penicillins; caution is advised in individuals with history of penicillin allergy. The medication should not be used in patients who have experienced previous serious hypersensitivity reactions to any beta-lactam antibiotics.

Possible side effect

Common adverse reactions include diarrhea (2-3%), nausea and vomiting (1-2%), and abdominal pain. Hypersensitivity reactions may occur, manifesting as rash, urticaria, or pruritus in approximately 1.5% of patients. Transient elevations in liver enzymes have been reported. Less frequent side effects include eosinophilia, vaginitis, dizziness, and headache. Serious but rare adverse effects include pseudomembranous colitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and serum sickness-like reactions characterized by arthralgia, fever, and rash.

Drug interaction

Probenecid may decrease renal tubular secretion of cefaclor, potentially increasing and prolonging antibiotic levels. Concurrent use with nephrotoxic drugs may increase renal toxicity risk. Oral anticoagulants may have enhanced effects when administered with cefaclor, requiring closer monitoring of coagulation parameters. The antibiotic may reduce efficacy of oral contraceptives; additional contraceptive methods are recommended during therapy. False-positive urine glucose tests may occur with copper reduction methods.

Missed dose

If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered unless it is almost time for the next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed administration. Maintaining consistent dosing intervals is important for maintaining effective antibiotic concentrations.

Overdose

Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, and diarrhea. In cases of significant overdose, hemodialysis may aid in removal of the drug from the circulation. Management should be supportive and symptomatic. Maintain adequate hydration and electrolyte balance. Monitor renal function in significant overdosage. There is no specific antidote for cefaclor overdose.

Storage

Store capsules at controlled room temperature (20-25°C/68-77°F) in a tightly closed container. Protect from moisture. The oral suspension, once reconstituted, should be stored in the refrigerator (2-8°C/36-46°F) and discarded after 14 days. Keep all medications out of reach of children and pets. Do not use beyond the expiration date printed on the packaging.

Disclaimer

This information is provided for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any new medication or making changes to existing treatment. The prescribing physician should be aware of the patient’s complete medical history, current medications, and allergy status. Proper diagnosis and treatment selection should be made by a licensed medical professional.

Reviews

Clinical studies demonstrate cefaclor’s efficacy in treating susceptible infections with success rates typically exceeding 85% in compliant patients. Medical literature supports its use as a reliable option for community-acquired infections, particularly noting its activity against common respiratory pathogens. Healthcare providers appreciate its convenient dosing schedule and generally good tolerability profile. Patients typically report satisfactory outcomes when the antibiotic is prescribed appropriately for susceptible organisms. Ongoing surveillance continues to monitor evolving resistance patterns.